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Gaines County, Texas

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Gaines County, Texas
Gaines County, Texas — public domain, Carol M. Highsmith · source

About Gaines County

Gaines County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 21,598. The county seat is Seminole. It gained national attention in 2025 for a major outbreak of measles.

Description adapted from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

At a glance

Gaines County at a glance

County seat
Seminole
Population
21,598 (2020)
Land area
1,503 sq mi
Founded
1876

Communities

Largest communities in Gaines County

History of Gaines County

The county is named for James Gaines, a merchant who signed the Texas Declaration of Independence and was born in Culpeper County, Virginia, in 1779. During the 19th century, the land had been occupied solely by Comanche and Mexican Comancheros, traders who had a thriving business with the Plains Indians. In October 1875, Lt. Bullis, who commanded the 24th Infantry Regiment, encountered a large group of Indians at Cedar Lake. Lt. Bullis captured them for food, supplies, utensils, and buffalo (American bison) hides. Then, Col. Shafter established a camp at Cedar Lake and continued to scout the area as far south as the Pecos River. That November, he came across a draw, where he discovered more than 70 wells reaching levels 4 to 15 feet deep. This area became a regular place to trade goods. In 1887, the northern part of the county was occupied by the Mallet Ranch.

Adapted from Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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Official channels

Gaines County election resources

Gaines County election office. Statewide tools and every Texas resource in one place: the Texas page at Scan Check Protect →

Part of Texas Voter Check

This is the Gaines County page of Texas Voter Check, a project of True the Vote, pointing Texas voters at the official tools that already exist — and at Scan Check Protect to verify your registration.

Where anything here differs from what Gaines County or Texas Secretary of State publishes, they are right and this page is not.